Queen Thyra: A Powerful Figure in Viking-Age Denmark
New Research Sheds Light on Thyra’s Influence
Queen Thyra, known as the wife and mother of prominent Viking leaders, has long been overshadowed in history. However, recent research has uncovered new evidence suggesting that she wielded far more power and influence in 10th-century Denmark than previously thought.
Runestones Reveal Thyra’s Importance
An analysis of four runestones engraved with Thyra’s name has shed new light on her significance. One runestone in particular refers to her as Denmark’s “strength” or “salvation.” Researchers believe that these runestones, which were found in Jelling, Bække, and Læborg, indicate that Thyra played a key role in the assembling of the Danish realm.
The Work of Ravnunge-Tue
Using 3D-scanning techniques, researchers have determined that all four runestones were carved by the same person: the craftsman Ravnunge-Tue. His distinctive cutting style, characterized by a deep stroke followed by two shallower ones, can be seen on all of the stones. This discovery confirms that they all refer to the same individual, Queen Thyra.
Thyra’s Royal Lineage and Family
Thyra was a member of a prominent Viking royal family during a pivotal time in Danish history. She was married to King Gorm, one of the first kings to reign over a united Denmark. Her son, King Harald Bluetooth, was a great warrior, unifier, and Denmark’s first Christian king.
The Role of Runestones in Viking-Age Denmark
During the Viking era, runestones were used to memorialize powerful leaders who had passed away. Crafters would carve commemorative words, paint the stones bright colors, and display them in public spaces. Denmark is home to only around 250 known runestones from this period, and fewer than ten of these pre-Christian era stones memorialize women.
Thyra’s Unique Significance
Of the four runestones that mention Thyra, three were found in Jelling, the royal seat of Viking-Age Denmark. This suggests that Thyra held a position of great importance within the royal court. Furthermore, her name appears on more known Danish runestones than any other individual, including her husband and son.
Reevaluating the Power Structure of Viking-Age Denmark
This new evidence challenges the traditional view of Viking-Age Denmark as a completely male-dominated society. While men generally held positions of power, women from elite families, such as Thyra, may have wielded more influence than historians previously thought.
Thyra’s Legacy
Queen Thyra’s importance in Danish history cannot be overstated. Her runestones provide valuable insights into the power structure and the genesis of Denmark as a nation. By recognizing the contributions of women like Thyra, we gain a more nuanced understanding of this fascinating period in history.
