Inside the Minds of America’s Young Scientists
Intel’s Science Talent Search
Forty high school seniors from across the country have gathered in Washington, D.C., for Intel’s Science Talent Search 2010, a program organized by the Society for Science & the Public. At the National Academy of Sciences, these students have presented their groundbreaking research projects to panels of judges. Tonight, Intel will announce the winners, including the recipient of the prestigious $100,000 top prize.
Low-Energy Space Travel: Erika Debenedictis’s Vision
One of the finalists, Erika Debenedictis from Albuquerque, New Mexico, has developed an innovative software program that could revolutionize spacecraft navigation. Inspired by the concept of the “Interplanetary Superhighway,” an intricate network of pathways through space, Debenedictis’s software aims to enable spacecraft to travel with minimal fuel consumption.
By utilizing the Interplanetary Transport Network (ITN), spacecraft can navigate orbits using gravity and planetary motion, similar to sailboats utilizing ocean currents and wind. While low-energy routes have been employed in the past, Debenedictis’s software specifically targets interplanetary travel, an area that has faced funding challenges and research setbacks.
Debenedictis’s software simulates station-keeping ability, a technique used by satellites to maintain their position in orbit. By incorporating this concept, her program can guide spacecraft along ITN pathways with little to no fuel expenditure. This innovation has the potential to slash fuel costs for the space industry and significantly reduce travel time between planets.
Indoor Air Pollution: Otana Jakpor’s Wake-Up Call
Another finalist, Otana Jakpor from Riverside, California, has focused her research on a pressing issue that affects millions of homes: indoor air pollution. Inspired by her mother’s severe asthma, Jakpor has investigated the hazardous effects of burning indoor candles, particularly those made from paraffin wax.
Particulate matter (PM 2.5), a tiny pollutant released by candles, poses significant health risks. These particles can penetrate deep into the respiratory system and bloodstream, potentially leading to heart attacks and cancer. Jakpor’s research revealed that paraffin candles emit significantly higher levels of PM 2.5 compared to soy candles.
Furthermore, paraffin wax contains petroleum, a known carcinogen, and its emissions exhibit similarities to diesel exhaust. The national air quality standard for outdoor PM 2.5 is 35 micrograms per meter cubed for 24 hours, while the paraffin candle Jakpor studied released 52 micrograms per meter cubed during the same period.
Knowledge and Advocacy: Empowering the Public
Jakpor emphasizes the importance of informed decision-making when purchasing candles. Many candles lack clear labeling, and even soy candles may contain paraffin. She urges consumers to be aware of the potential health risks associated with candle use.
As a spokesperson for the American Lung Association, Jakpor actively advocates for cleaner indoor air. She testifies at environmental hearings, sharing her research and advocating for stricter regulations to protect public health.
The Future of Science and Innovation
The research conducted by Debenedictis and Jakpor showcases the brilliance and dedication of young scientists. Their innovative ideas and commitment to addressing real-world problems demonstrate the transformative power of science and its potential to shape the future.