Growing and Caring for Swiss Cheese Plants
Botanical Overview
The Swiss cheese plant (Monstera adansonii) is a popular houseplant known for its distinctive perforated leaves. Native to Central and South America, it exhibits a fast growth rate and a vining habit. While it can reach heights of up to 13 feet outdoors, it typically remains more manageable indoors, ranging between 3 and 8 feet tall.
Care Instructions
Soil and Potting
Swiss cheese plants prefer well-draining, peat-based potting mix that retains moisture without becoming waterlogged. Choose a container with drainage holes to prevent root rot.
Light
Monstera adansonii thrives in bright, indirect light. Avoid exposing it to direct sunlight for extended periods, as this can burn the foliage. If direct sunlight is unavoidable, limit exposure to a few hours of morning sun.
Water
Water your Swiss cheese plant when the top inch of soil is dry. Allow the soil to dry out slightly between waterings to prevent overwatering. A terracotta container helps regulate moisture.
Temperature and Humidity
Swiss cheese plants prefer high humidity (above 50%) and warm temperatures between 60°F and 85°F. A warm, well-lit bathroom is an ideal location. If humidity is low, consider using a humidifier or pebble tray.
Fertilizer
Fertilize monthly during the growing season (May to September) with a balanced houseplant fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio of 5-2-3. Wait until the plant is well-established (four to six months) before fertilizing, as potting mix usually contains slow-release fertilizer.
Support and Pruning
Swiss cheese plants are vigorous climbers with aerial roots that brace against supports. Provide a stake or moss pole to encourage vertical growth. Prune lightly as needed, removing dead or damaged leaves and trimming back stems by no more than 25 percent.
Propagation
Propagating Swiss cheese plants is easy through stem cuttings. Simply cut a 4- to 6-inch stem with a leaf node intact, apply rooting hormone, and plant it in moist potting mix. Keep the medium moist and you should have roots within a few months.
Repotting
Repot your Swiss cheese plant every two years in a slightly larger container with fresh potting mix. Repotting is necessary when roots become visible through the drainage holes or begin to protrude above the soil line.
Common Issues
Yellowing Leaves
Yellowing leaves are often caused by overwatering. Allow the soil to dry out slightly between waterings.
Wrinkled or Curling Leaves
Wrinkled or curling leaves indicate underwatering. Water thoroughly until water drains from the drainage holes.
Black Marks on Leaves
Black marks can be a sign of leaf burn from direct sunlight. Protect your plant from intense afternoon sun.
Drooping Leaves
Drooping leaves can be caused by overwatering or underwatering. Check the soil moisture and adjust your watering schedule accordingly.
Leaves Falling Off or Stunted Growth
Falling or stunted leaves may indicate insufficient light exposure. Increase the light intensity gradually to avoid shock.
Leaves Not Splitting
If your Swiss cheese plant’s leaves are not developing holes, it may be due to insufficient light. Gradually increase the light exposure.
Toxicity
It’s important to note that all parts of Monstera plants are toxic to pets. Keep your Swiss cheese plant out of reach of animals.
Swiss Cheese Plant vs. Monstera: What’s the Difference?
The term “Swiss cheese plant” can refer to both Monstera adansonii and Monstera deliciosa. While both have similar foliage, Monstera deliciosa has larger leaves. To avoid confusion, always check the botanical name when purchasing or caring for your plant.