Growing and Caring for Phlox: A Comprehensive Guide
Types of Phlox
Phlox, a popular garden perennial, boasts various types, including:
- Creeping phlox (Phlox subulata): Forms a mat of spiky leaves and produces colorful flowers in spring.
- Woodland phlox (Phlox divaricata): Shade-loving with star-shaped blue or white flowers that bloom in early spring.
- Tall phlox (Phlox paniculata): Produces cone-shaped clusters (panicles) of flowers in a range of colors, including white, pink, purple, and blue.
- Moss phlox (Phlox subulata): Similar to creeping phlox but prefers full sun and comes in various hues, such as pink, blue, and white.
- Wild phlox (Phlox maculata): Found in meadows and roadsides, with pale pink or purple flowers that bloom in spring.
- Annual phlox (Phlox dummondii): Small, colorful annuals with hues comparable to perennial phlox, ideal for containers.
Care for Phlox
Providing optimal care for phlox plants is crucial:
- Light: Most phlox thrive in partial sunlight, while woodland phlox prefers shade.
- Soil: Ensure well-drained soil that is rich with compost and has a neutral to slightly acidic pH.
- Water: Water phlox at the base of the plant, avoiding overhead watering to prevent mildew. Allow the soil to dry out slightly between waterings.
- Temperature and Humidity: Phlox are cold hardy but may wilt on hot summer days. Provide cool water at the base if necessary. Avoid high humidity to prevent powdery mildew.
- Fertilizer: Phlox generally don’t require fertilizer, but compost or composted manure can be beneficial for tall and woodland phlox in fall.
Pests and Diseases
Phlox can be susceptible to pests and diseases, including:
- Hungry wildlife: Rabbits and deer may nibble on phlox flowers and leaves. Use natural repellent sprays to deter them.
- Powdery mildew: A fungal disease that forms a white or gray coating on leaves. Promote air circulation and water at the base of the plant to prevent it.
- Spider mites: These tiny pests can cause leaves to turn yellow and curl. Spray the undersides of leaves with water to remove them.
Bloom Care
For abundant and healthy blooms:
- Deadheading: Remove spent flowers to encourage new blooms.
- Pruning: Shear moss phlox after the first flowering to promote a second bloom. Cut back tall phlox by about a third in early summer to encourage branching and more flowers.
- Blooming months: Woodland phlox blooms in late April to early May, moss phlox in May, and tall phlox from late June to August. Planting varieties with different blooming times can extend the bloom period.
Propagation
Propagating phlox is relatively easy:
- From divisions: Dig up and divide overgrown plants in fall or early spring. Replant the divisions in desired locations.
- From cuttings: Take root cuttings from phlox except for moss phlox. Cuttings with a bit of root attached readily propagate.
Overwintering
Phlox are cold hardy and don’t require special overwintering care. However, a top dressing of compost or manure in fall can provide additional protection.
Troubleshooting Blooming Issues
If phlox plants are not blooming as expected:
- Insufficient sun exposure: Ensure adequate sunlight, especially for tall and moss phlox.
- Powdery mildew: Treat affected leaves to prevent weakening the plant.
- Overgrown plants: Divide large phlox plants to promote healthy bud and flower production.
Additional Tips
- Growing phlox in a cottage garden: These plants are a popular choice for cottage gardens due to their charm and hardiness.
- Deadheading for continuous flowering: Deadheading spent blooms encourages phlox plants to produce new flowers throughout the blooming season.
- Overwintering phlox in cold climates: Provide a thick layer of mulch around the base of the plants to protect them from extreme cold.
- Using phlox as a ground cover: Creeping phlox and moss phlox are ideal for use as ground cover, forming a colorful and dense mat.
- Attracting pollinators to phlox: The vibrant colors and nectar of phlox flowers attract butterflies, bees, and other pollinators.