Nylon Stockings: A History of Wartime Rationing and Nylon Riots
The Invention of Nylon
Nylon stockings first emerged in Wilmington, Delaware, in 1939, thanks to the invention of nylon by Wallace Hume Carothers, a chemist working for DuPont. Nylon, a synthetic fabric made from “carbon, water, and air,” quickly gained popularity due to its stretchy, durable, and washable properties.
The Rise of Nylon Stockings
As hemlines rose throughout the 1930s, stockings became an essential part of women’s wardrobes. Nylon stockings, with their superior qualities, quickly replaced silk and rayon as the preferred choice. DuPont’s clever marketing campaign, touting nylon as “no run” (nuron spelled backwards), further fueled the demand.
Wartime Rationing
However, the outbreak of World War II in 1941 brought an abrupt end to the nylon stocking craze. Nylon was deemed essential for the war effort, being used in the production of parachutes, tire cords, and other military supplies. As a result, nylon stockings were severely rationed, leaving women to resort to creative measures to enhance their leg beauty, such as paint-on stockings.
The Nylon Riots
After the war, nylon stockings returned to stores with a vengeance. In 1945, “nylon riots” erupted across the country as hundreds and thousands of women lined up to purchase the coveted stockings. The situation reached its peak in Pittsburgh, where 40,000 people queued for over a mile for 13,000 pairs.
The Legacy of Nylon Stockings
Despite its wartime setbacks, nylon remained a popular choice for hosiery. DuPont’s relentless promotion and collaborations with high-end fashion designers ensured its continued success. Nylon stockings became a symbol of American women’s empowerment and liberation.
Nylon in Modern Clothing
Today, nylon is still used in the production of stockings, tights, and knee-highs. However, its presence in the fashion industry has declined due to the rise of natural fabrics. Nylon’s durability and versatility have found new applications in kitchens, bathrooms, and offices, primarily in the form of plastic products.
Environmental Concerns
The environmental impact of nylon production has become a growing concern. As a non-biodegradable material, nylon contributes to plastic pollution. DuPont has acknowledged this issue and is exploring ways to make nylon more sustainable and earth-friendly.