Monarch Butterflies: A Guide to Attracting and Supporting Them
Monarch butterflies are easily recognizable with their vibrant black and orange patterns and 4-inch wingspan. However, their population has declined dramatically in recent years due to habitat loss and climate change.
As gardeners, we can play a vital role in supporting the Monarch’s survival by planting flowers that provide them with nectar and habitat. Here are seven flowers that are particularly attractive to Monarch butterflies:
Goldenrod
Don’t confuse goldenrod with ragweed, which causes allergies. Goldenrod’s vivid gold flower clusters are a magnet for Monarchs and other pollinators. The ‘Fireworks’ variety is well-behaved and suitable for manicured gardens.
Butterfly Bush
As its name suggests, the butterfly bush attracts a wide range of butterflies, including Monarchs. Its spikes of small tubular flowers provide easy access to nectar, and its long blooming season ensures a reliable food source during the Monarch’s migration.
Cosmos
Cosmos flowers are a member of the daisy family and offer abundant nectar stores. Their daisy-like blooms consist of many tiny tubular flowers surrounded by petals. Cosmos are easy to grow from seed and are drought- and heat-tolerant.
Lantana
Even small gardens can attract Monarchs with lantana. These prolific plants are often sold in full bloom, providing an instant nectar source. They thrive in full sun and well-drained soil and are salt-tolerant, making them ideal for coastal areas. Choose sterile cultivars to extend their bloom time.
Lilac
Lilacs are not just nostalgic shrubs; they also attract Monarchs. Modern hybrids are more mildew-resistant and compact, like ‘Tiny Dancer’. Some varieties, such as ‘Bloomerang’, offer repeat blooming cycles, providing a continuous food source.
Milkweed
Milkweed is essential for Monarchs, as its leaves provide the chemical that makes Monarch larvae unpalatable to predators. Choose native species like A. tuberosa or A. incarnata for moist soils.
Zinnia
Monarch butterflies prefer open spaces, and zinnias are a budget-friendly way to fill large areas of the garden. They provide a continuous nectar source throughout the summer and can also attract hummingbirds.
Conservation and Support
The Monarch butterfly population has declined to the point where it is being considered for endangered status. While it has not yet been listed, its status will be reviewed again in 2024.
To support Monarch conservation, consider planting a variety of nectar-producing flowers and milkweed in your garden. You can also join organizations like the Xerces Society, which advocates for Monarch habitat protection and restoration.
By providing Monarchs with the resources they need, we can help ensure their survival and continue to enjoy their beauty in our gardens and landscapes.