How to Grow Cherry Trees from Seed: A Comprehensive Guide
Selecting the Right Cherry Seed
Before you begin, determine the type of cherry tree you desire. Sweet cherries are preferred for eating fresh, while sour cherries are ideal for pies and preserves. Additionally, consider your climate zone, as cherry trees require ample sunlight and well-drained soil. Consult with local orchardists or farmers’ markets to gather information on suitable varieties for your area.
Preparing and Planting Cherry Seeds
Two methods can be employed to propagate cherry trees from seeds: spring planting and fall planting.
Spring Planting:
- Soak and Clean Seeds: Immerse seeds in warm water for a few minutes, then gently remove any remaining fruit pulp.
- Dry Seeds: Spread seeds on paper towels and allow them to dry for five days in a warm location.
- Stratification: Place dry seeds in a sealed container and refrigerate for ten weeks to mimic winter conditions and promote germination.
- Remove from Fridge and Plant: After ten weeks, let seeds reach room temperature and plant them in small containers filled with potting soil.
- Thin Seedlings: Once seedlings reach 2 inches in height, remove all but the tallest plant. Place containers in a sunny spot and continue watering regularly.
- Transplant Outdoors: After the danger of frost has passed, transplant seedlings into their permanent location, spacing them 20 feet apart.
Fall Planting:
Alternatively, seeds can be planted directly outdoors in the fall. Allow them to undergo a natural cold period over winter. Plant seeds in a protected area and thin them out in the spring. Transplant seedlings to their permanent location when they reach 10-12 inches in height.
Protecting Young Cherry Trees
Wildlife, such as deer, rabbits, and woodchucks, can pose a threat to young cherry trees. Protect them by wrapping the trunks loosely in burlap during the winter months. Remove the burlap before blossoming in early spring. Repeat this process for the first two to three years to safeguard the bark from wildlife damage.
Growth Rate and Fruit Production
Cherry trees typically take 7-10 years to bear fruit from seed. Grafting a cherry tree seedling onto existing cherry tree stock can accelerate the fruiting process. Regular pruning and proper care are essential to maintain healthy cherry trees and encourage fruit production.
Troubleshooting Cherry Tree Problems
If your cherry tree is not bearing fruit, several factors could be at play. Insufficient pollination, improper pruning, nutrient deficiencies, or disease can all contribute to this issue. Consult with a qualified arborist or gardening expert to diagnose and address any problems.
Additional Tips
- Select fresh local cherries for seeds to ensure their viability and adaptability to your climate.
- Consider self-pollinating cherry tree varieties if you lack space for multiple trees.
- Protect young trees from harsh winds and foot traffic during transplantation.
- Apply a layer of mulch around transplanted seedlings to retain soil moisture.
- Patience is key when growing cherry trees from seed. With proper care and maintenance, you can enjoy delicious homegrown cherries in the years to come.