How to Install a Shower Pan: A Step-by-Step Guide
Step 1: Preparation
Materials and Tools:
- Measuring tape
- Pencil
- Level
- Cardboard
- Drill
- Shower pan and drain fitting kit
- Shims
- Plumber’s putty
- Thin plastic
- Mortar, water, bucket, and trowel
- Screws with large heads (optional)
Step 1: Measure and Prepare the Space
Carefully measure the location for the new shower to determine the correct size for the shower pan. Clean out the space, removing all obstacles and ensuring the walls are clear down to the studs and the floor is as clean as possible for leveling the pan.
Step 2: Dry-Fit the Shower Pan
Place the shower pan into place to gauge any necessary adjustments to the drain. Take measurements from the walls to align the drain properly. Check the pan’s levelness along its edges and make reference marks on the studs for easy leveling later. Insert cardboard into the pan and walk around on it to assess its stability.
Step 3: Attach the Drain Fitting
Remove the pan and install the shower drain fitting into the opening, applying plumber’s putty to the bottom of the flange for a tight seal. Screw the drain fitting onto the pan securely, using a retaining nut or gaskets as per the drain kit instructions.
Step 4: Recheck and Make Drain Adjustments
Ensure the drain and shower pan align properly. Make any necessary adjustments and remove the pan again for further steps.
Step 5: Lay the Mortar Base
Mix a bag of mortar and spread it over the area where the shower pan will sit, leaving a few inches from the edges for easier cleanup. The mortar should be about 1 inch thick. The fins on the bottom of the shower pan will embed in the mortar, creating a rigid shower floor.
Step 6: Set and Anchor the Pan
Carefully set the shower pan onto the mortar and level it. Tighten the drain securely into place on the drain line.
Some shower pans come with screws and brackets for attaching them to wall studs. Alternatively, use screws with large heads (such as roofing nails) to secure the pan’s flanges to the studs. Allow the pan to sit overnight for the mortar to set before using it.
Step 7: Check for Leaks
Pour water into the shower pan to test the drain. If possible, observe the space below the shower from beneath the floor to check for leaks.
Troubleshooting Tips
Overflow Prevention:
When replacing a bathtub with a shower, ensure the drain size is 2-inch to prevent overflowing, as opposed to the typical 1 1/2-inch drain size for bathtubs. Consider connecting a new 2-inch line from the toilet or main drain line if necessary.
Drain Connection Options:
Depending on the shower drain type, the 2-inch drain line may require gluing to the shower pan drain fitting. However, most installations utilize a compression-style drain that can be secured by tightening the drain tailpiece onto the drain pipe with a rubber washer and nut.
Leveling and Stability:
Use shims and make reference marks on the studs to ensure the shower pan is level. Insert cardboard into the pan and walk around on it to check its stability before securing it permanently.
Additional Tips
- Consider using a surround kit as a solution for shower walls.
- Test the drain thoroughly before completing the installation to avoid future leaks.
- For optimal results, consider hiring a professional plumber to ensure a quality installation.