Water Shortages in the Western United States: A 93-Year-Old Miscalculation
The Water Crisis in the West
When we think of water shortages, we often think of California. However, the problem is much more widespread. In recent years, “pretty much every state west of the Rockies has been facing a water shortage,” according to Abrahm Lustgarden, a water issues reporter for ProPublica.
The Colorado River Compact: A Fatal Miscalculation
One of the main reasons for the water crisis in the Western United States is a miscalculation that occurred in 1922. That year, seven Western states (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming) entered into the Colorado River Compact. This agreement was intended to ensure the “equitable division and apportionment of the use of the waters of the Colorado River System.”
However, the agreement was based on a miscalculation. When the states were drawing up the agreement, they overestimated the capacity of the river system and promised themselves more water than it could sustain.
The Impact of the Miscalculation
The miscalculation in the Colorado River Compact has had a devastating impact on the Western United States. Even though river reserves are at a historic low, states continue to claim the same amount of water they have in the past. This has led to water shortages, drought, and other problems.
Climate Change and Drought
Climate change and drought have also contributed to the water crisis in the West. However, Lustgarden argues that these are not the only factors. The miscalculation in the Colorado River Compact is also to blame.
Opportunities for Change
Despite the challenges, there are opportunities to improve the water situation in the West. Lustgarden suggests three main areas where we can make progress:
- Water efficiency in cities: We can reduce water usage in cities by investing in water-efficient appliances and fixtures, and by promoting water conservation practices.
- Water-saving crops: We can grow crops that require less water, such as drought-tolerant plants.
- Farming techniques: We can change farming techniques to reduce water usage, such as using drip irrigation and mulching.
The Consequences of Inaction
If we do not take action to address the water crisis in the West, the consequences will be severe. States that do not act soon will face a new and very dry status quo.
Conclusion
The water crisis in the Western United States is a complex problem with a long history. However, there are opportunities to make progress. By working together, we can ensure that everyone in the West has access to the water they need.
