Ancient Roman Shipwreck with Wine Amphorae Uncovered Off Sicilian Coast
Discovery and Exploration
Archaeologists off the coast of Palermo, Sicily, have discovered an ancient Roman shipwreck laden with amphorae, or jars used for transporting wine and olive oil. The vessel, dating back to the second century B.C.E., was uncovered near the Isola delle Femmine at a depth of about 302 feet.
Researchers used a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to capture photographs of the wreck, which revealed a “copious cargo” of wine amphorae. The discovery is hailed as one of the most important archaeological finds in the region in recent years.
Historical Significance
During the days of the Roman Republic, Sicily’s wine trade flourished, with Sicilian wines like Mamertino gaining popularity even among Roman elites. The newly discovered wine amphorae provide evidence of a period of peace and prosperity in the Mediterranean, referred to by the Romans as Mare Nostrum (Latin for “Our Sea”).
Insights into Ancient Trade
Amphorae, found throughout the classical world, offer valuable insights for scholars. These two-handled jugs hold clues to archaeological sites’ dates, trade links, and inhabitants. They were used not only by the Greeks but also by civilizations ranging from the Romans to the Phoenicians.
The cargo of the Roman shipwreck is expected to reveal information about ancient trade routes used to transport spices, wine, food, and other goods to North Africa, Spain, France, and the Middle East.
Previous Discoveries and Archaeological Significance
In May, the Sicilian superintendence discovered another Roman vessel near the island of Ustica, containing amphorae filled with wine dating back to the second century B.C.E. In 2013, authorities found a nearly intact Roman ship off the coast of Genoa, carrying around 50 amphorae.
Amphorae serve as an “irreplaceable element” for archaeologists seeking to trace ancient trade networks, as they were used to transport a wide range of consumer goods beyond wine, including oil and fruit.
Ongoing Research
Experts are continuing to investigate the sunken Roman shipwreck, hoping to gain further insights into ancient maritime trade, shipbuilding techniques, and the lives of those on board. The discovery underscores the enduring legacy of the Roman Empire and the importance of underwater archaeology in reconstructing the past.