How to Bend Conduit: A Comprehensive Guide for DIYers
Understanding Conduit
Electrical metallic tubing (EMT), also known as thin-wall conduit, is a rigid metal conduit used to protect electrical wires in exposed locations, such as basements, walls, and outdoor areas. EMT provides extra protection for wires, which is required by electrical codes in these locations.
Benefits of Bending Conduit
Bending conduit instead of using fittings offers several advantages:
- Cost-effective: Bending conduit is significantly cheaper than purchasing and installing elbows and sweep fittings.
- Flexibility: Bent sweeps make it easier to pull wires through the conduit.
- Customizable: You can create bends to fit specific angles and requirements.
Tools and Materials
Equipment / Tools:
- Tape measure
- Conduit bender (sized for the conduit you’re bending)
- Pencil
- Framing square
Materials:
- EMT conduit
Calculating the Bend
To determine the length of the bend needed for a 90-degree angle, follow these steps:
- Measure the horizontal distance the conduit needs to extend after the bend.
- Locate the “take-up dimension” on the conduit bender head. This will indicate the additional length required for the bend.
- Subtract the take-up dimension from the horizontal distance to determine the starting point for the bend on the conduit.
Marking and Bending the Conduit
- Mark the starting point for the bend on the conduit.
- Slip the end of the conduit into the bender and align the mark with the arrow on the bender head.
- Apply heavy foot pressure to the bender heel and pull the handle back towards you.
- Continue bending until the conduit reaches the 90-degree mark on the bender head.
Checking the Bend
Once the conduit is bent, check the accuracy using a framing square and tape measure:
- 90-Degree Angle: The two sides of the bend should align with the two legs of the framing square.
- Length: Measure from the floor to the end of the conduit to ensure it meets the desired length.
Tips
- Maintain firm foot pressure on the bender head while bending.
- If the bend is less than 90 degrees, reinsert the conduit into the bender and bend slightly more.
- If the bend is too long, trim the short end with a hacksaw or tubing cutter.
- If the bend is too short, start over with a new piece of conduit.
Bending Conduit Without a Bender
If you don’t have access to a conduit bender, you can still bend conduit by using a hand-held method:
- Notch and Bend: Cut notches into the conduit at regular intervals along the desired bend angle. Bend the conduit by hand, following the notches.
- Pipe Bender: Use a pipe bender to bend the conduit around a form or template.
- Heat Bending: Heat the conduit with a heat gun or torch to soften it. Bend the conduit by hand while it’s still warm.
Conclusion:
Bending conduit is a valuable skill for DIY electrical projects. By following these steps and using the right tools and techniques, you can create accurate and secure bends in conduit, ensuring the safety and functionality of your electrical wiring.
