Exploring Angkor Through the Lens of a 13th-Century Chinese Diplomat

by Jasmine August 21, 2024

written by Jasmine August 21, 2024

Angkor: Through the Eyes of a Chinese Diplomat

Historical Context

In the waning years of the 13th century, a group of Chinese diplomats embarked on a diplomatic mission to Angkor, the once-glorious capital of the Khmer Empire. Among them was Zhou Daguan, whose keen observations provide a rare glimpse into the daily life and customs of the Khmer people.

Zhou Daguan’s Observations

Khmer Homes and Architecture

Zhou Daguan noted that the dwellings of the Khmer elite differed significantly from those of the common folk. The homes of princes and officials boasted distinct layouts and dimensions, with outlying buildings thatched and only the family temple and main apartment covered in tiles. The size of the houses reflected the official rank of the occupant.

The King’s Wardrobe

The Khmer king’s wardrobe exuded opulence. Only he was permitted to wear cloth adorned with an all-over floral design. Around his neck, he wore an impressive three pounds of large pearls. Gold bracelets and rings adorned his wrists, ankles, and fingers, each set with shimmering cat’s eyes. When he ventured out, he carried a golden sword of state in his hand, a symbol of his authority.

Khmer Women

Zhou Daguan observed that Khmer women aged prematurely, likely due to early marriage and childbirth. By the age of 20 or 30, they resembled Chinese women in their 40s or 50s.

Khmer Language

The Khmer possessed their own distinct language, which differed from the tongues spoken by the neighboring Champa and Siam peoples.

Khmer Justice System

Zhou Daguan encountered a curious method of justice employed by the Khmer. In cases of dispute, the accused parties were confined to small stone towers in front of the royal palace. The family members of each accused kept watch for one or two days, or even longer. Upon their release, the guilty party would invariably fall ill, while the innocent remained healthy. This phenomenon was attributed to “celestial judgment,” the supernatural power of the Khmer god.

Sickness and Healthcare

Dysentery claimed the lives of eight to nine out of ten Khmer people. Medicines were available in the markets but differed significantly from those used in China. Zhou Daguan noted the presence of sorcerers who practiced questionable arts on the sick.

Influence of Zhou Daguan’s Observations

Zhou Daguan’s written account, titled “The Customs of Cambodia,” remains the sole surviving written record of Khmer daily life from the 13th century. Translated into French in 1902 and English in later years, his observations have provided invaluable insights into the culture and society of Angkor.

Additional Long-Tail Keyword Content

Khmer Daily Life: Zhou Daguan’s observations shed light on various aspects of Khmer daily life, including their homes, clothing, food, and customs.
Royal Court and Nobility: The Khmer king and his court enjoyed a luxurious lifestyle, with elaborate ceremonies and opulent palaces.
Khmer Spirituality and Beliefs: The Khmer possessed a deep-rooted belief in supernatural forces, as evidenced by their practice of “celestial judgment.”
Angkor’s Decline: By the time of Zhou Daguan’s visit, Angkor was in decline but still exhibited remnants of its former glory. The city’s temples and monuments continue to captivate visitors today.

Jasmine

Jasmine's journey began with a camera in hand and a heart brimming with stories. The world, for her, wasn't just a collection of sights and sounds; it was a vibrant tapestry woven with intricate details, each one waiting to be captured and explored. This inherent curiosity naturally led her to the written word, where she discovered the power of language to weave narratives that resonated with the soul. Jasmine's articles in LifeScienceArt's life section are a testament to this synergy. Her words dance across the page, painting vivid pictures that transport readers to the heart of the experience. Whether it's the quiet contemplation sparked by a morning sunrise or the electrifying energy of a bustling city street, Jasmine has an uncanny ability to translate the essence of a moment into words that resonate. But Jasmine's talents extend far beyond the written word. With a keen eye for detail and a photographer's soul, she sees the world through a unique lens. Her photographs are more than just snapshots; they're windows into hidden emotions and unspoken narratives. A single image, captured with Jasmine's signature touch, can evoke a kaleidoscope of feelings, prompting introspection and igniting a sense of wonder in the viewer. The way she plays with light and shadow, or the way she finds beauty in the ordinary, speaks volumes about her artistic vision. It's clear that Jasmine doesn't just see the world; she feels it, deeply and passionately. This depth of feeling is evident in her writing as well. Jasmine's articles are infused with a raw honesty that connects with readers on a personal level. She doesn't shy away from exploring the complexities of life, the joys and sorrows, the triumphs and failures that we all experience. But even when tackling difficult topics, there's an underlying optimism in her words, a belief in the inherent resilience of the human spirit. Jasmine's writing encourages readers to embrace the full spectrum of life's experiences, to find beauty in the unexpected, and to navigate the challenges with courage and grace. One gets the sense that Jasmine's own life is a continuous exploration, a constant search for new experiences and perspectives. Whether it's venturing off the beaten path to capture a hidden gem through her lens or delving into the depths of human emotion through her writing, Jasmine thrives on the journey itself. This inherent sense of adventure is infectious, inspiring readers to embark on their own explorations, both internal and external. Jasmine's work isn't just about capturing moments; it's about igniting a spark of curiosity and a desire to live life to the fullest. Perhaps the most captivating aspect of Jasmine's work is the sense of intimacy it evokes. Reading her articles feels like having a conversation with a close friend, someone who understands the nuances of life and isn't afraid to share their vulnerabilities. This ability to connect with readers on a personal level is what makes Jasmine's writing so powerful and enduring. It's a testament to her own authenticity and her genuine desire to connect with others through the magic of words and images.