How to Grow Dragon Fruit Cactus Indoors: A Comprehensive Guide
Varieties for Indoor Growing
Dragon fruit cactus (Hylocereus undatus) is a rapidly growing, exotic houseplant that produces stunning and delicious fruit. While it can reach up to 20 feet tall outdoors, several varieties are well-suited for indoor cultivation, including ‘Edgar’s Baby,’ ‘Alice,’ ‘Seoul Kitchen,’ ‘Yellow Dragon Fruit,’ and ‘Zamorano.’
Growing Conditions
Sunlight: Dragon fruit cactus requires six to eight hours of full sunlight per day to develop flowers and fruits. Morning sun from an east-facing window and evening sun from a west-facing window are ideal. If necessary, use supplemental grow lights to mimic strong sunlight.
Temperature: The ideal room temperature for dragon fruit cactus is between 65 and 85 degrees Fahrenheit. Avoid temperatures over 100 degrees Fahrenheit and keep the plant away from cold windows during winter.
Watering: Water dragon fruit cactus carefully when the top of the soil feels dry. During the active growing season in summer, water more frequently. In fall and winter, cut back on watering to induce plant dormancy.
Air Circulation: Dragon fruit cactus is a vigorous grower that requires good air circulation to prevent fungal growth. Cut back and thin out the plant at least once a year to improve air circulation.
Pollination
Some varieties of dragon fruit cactus are self-fertile, while others require cross-pollination by hand. If hand-pollination is necessary, collect pollen from the stamen of one flower and gently dab it onto the stigma of the flower you want to pollinate.
Container and Potting Soil
Use a five-gallon container that is at least 10 to 12 inches deep with adequate drainage holes. A heavy material like ceramic or terracotta is recommended for stability. Dragon fruit cactus requires nutrient-rich, neutral to acidic potting soil, not cactus soil. Add sand for better drainage.
Pruning and Maintenance
Prune the plant to encourage a single main stem or a few thicker stems. Thin out smaller side branches where flowers and fruit will develop. Pruning improves air circulation and increases fruit quality.
Repotting
Repot when the plant becomes root-bound. The roots are delicate, so handle with care. If possible, repot directly into a large container (25-30 gallons) to minimize future repotting.
Moving Outdoors
Once the danger of frost has passed, move the dragon fruit cactus outdoors for the summer. Place it in a location with partial shade or filtered sunlight to avoid sunburn and heat damage. Water more frequently outdoors.
Troubleshooting Common Problems
- Pests: Dragon fruit cactus is susceptible to pests like aphids, mealybugs, and scale. Treat with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
- Overwatering: Dragon fruit cactus can tolerate some dry conditions but is sensitive to overwatering. Allow the soil to dry out before watering again.
- Lack of Sunlight: If the plant does not receive enough sunlight, it may not produce flowers or fruit. Provide additional light through grow lights or move the plant to a sunnier location.
- Extreme Temperatures: Dragon fruit cactus does not tolerate temperatures below 65 degrees Fahrenheit or above 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Protect the plant from frost and excessive heat.
Tips for Optimal Growth
- Rotate the plant regularly to ensure even sun exposure on all sides.
- Use a trellis or other support to help the plant grow upright.
- Fertilize the plant monthly with a low-nitrogen fertilizer during the growing season.
- Mist the plant or place it on a humidity tray during dry winter months.
- Harvest the dragon fruit when it is bright pink for the best flavor.
